{"id":8641,"date":"2025-12-03T20:58:52","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T20:58:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/?page_id=8641"},"modified":"2026-02-27T13:05:13","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T13:05:13","slug":"varietes-resistantes-aux-maladies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/renforcement-des-capacites-pour-les-varietes-resistantes-aux-maladies-de-la-vigne-piwi\/varietes-resistantes-aux-maladies\/","title":{"rendered":"Vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8641\" class=\"elementor elementor-8641 elementor-8638\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0a3b81 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c0a3b81\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3b318f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3b318f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01642aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01642aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0 propos<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc81698 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc81698\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> Vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b35e60 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7b35e60\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9be6235 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9be6235\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e1c4fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e1c4fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Informations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales et techniques sur les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d7c8c7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5d7c8c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e9339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60e9339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies (DRVs, de l\u2019anglais <em>Disease-Resistant Varieties<\/em>), \u00e9galement connues sous le nom de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s PIWI en Europe, sont des cultivars de vigne s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s pour leur forte r\u00e9sistance aux maladies fongiques telles que l&rsquo;o\u00efdium, le mildiou et le black-rot. Ces vari\u00e9t\u00e9s sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es par croisements intersp\u00e9cifiques entre <em>Vitis vinifera<\/em> et des esp\u00e8ces sauvages de Vitis nord-am\u00e9ricaines et asiatiques, qui portent naturellement des facteurs de r\u00e9sistance. Les avanc\u00e9es en techniques de s\u00e9lection, telles que la s\u00e9lection assist\u00e9e par marqueurs et les multiples r\u00e9trocroisements avec <em>V. vinifera<\/em>, ont permis d&rsquo;obtenir des DRVs avec des qualit\u00e9s agronomiques et \u0153nologiques comparables aux vari\u00e9t\u00e9s traditionnelles de <em>V. vinifera<\/em> tout en maintenant une r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e contre les maladies. Les DRVs r\u00e9duisent consid\u00e9rablement le recours aux pesticides, offrant des avantages tant pour les syst\u00e8mes agricoles conventionnels que biologiques. Les donn\u00e9es actuelles sur les DRVs cultiv\u00e9es, indiquent qu&rsquo;elles pourraient r\u00e9duire l&rsquo;utilisation de fongicides jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 90 %, faisant d\u2019elles un levier essentiel pour atteindre les objectifs du Pacte Vert europ\u00e9en : promouvoir la durabilit\u00e9 environnementale, prot\u00e9ger la biodiversit\u00e9 et pr\u00e9server la sant\u00e9 humaine. De plus, l&rsquo;incorporation de la r\u00e9silience aux stress abiotiques dans la s\u00e9lection des DRVs renforce davantage leur potentiel comme solution double, \u00e0 la fois pour la gestion des maladies et l&rsquo;adaptation au changement climatique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e41506 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1e41506\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b4d86f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b4d86f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"diseases-tabs\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Glossaire<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ac6c1a e-n-tabs-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"3ac6c1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"61631514\" aria-label=\"Onglets. Ouvrez des \u00e9l\u00e9ments avec Entrer ou Espace, fermez-les avec Echape et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315141\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315141\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tDM\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315142\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315142\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tPM\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315143\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315143\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tBR\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315144\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315144\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tBBR\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315145\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315145\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tDRVs\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315146\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315146\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tVCU\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315147\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"7\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315147\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 7;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tGS\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315148\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"8\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315148\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 8;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tPIWIs\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-616315149\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"9\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-616315149\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 9;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tPDO\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151410\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"10\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151410\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 10;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tPGI\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151411\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"11\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151411\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 11;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tGWAS\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151412\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"12\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151412\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 12;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAvr\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151413\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"13\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151413\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 13;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tDSS\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151414\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"14\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151414\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 14;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tNGT\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151415\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"15\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151415\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 15;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tQTLs\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151416\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"16\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151416\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 16;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tPPPs\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151417\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"17\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151417\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 17;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tMAS\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151418\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"18\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151418\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 18;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tIPM\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315141\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315141\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-64e3e15 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"64e3e15\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ade2ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ade2ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>DM:<\/strong> mildiou<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315142\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315142\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-9e92fe7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9e92fe7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af72293 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af72293\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PM:<\/strong> o\u00efdium<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315143\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315143\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-5113589 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5113589\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c293250 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c293250\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>BR:<\/strong> black rot<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315144\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315144\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-38ab6e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38ab6e3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f41801e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f41801e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">BBR: pourriture grise des grappes (botrytis)<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315145\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315145\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d99cd4a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d99cd4a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-deb6cfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"deb6cfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>DRVs:<\/strong> vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315146\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315146\" data-tab-index=\"6\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-f563aa9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f563aa9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b474e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b474e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>VCU:<\/strong> VATE<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315147\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315147\" data-tab-index=\"7\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 7;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-741c99c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"741c99c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0560cbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0560cbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>GS:<\/strong> s\u00e9lection g\u00e9nomique<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315148\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315148\" data-tab-index=\"8\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 8;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-b4a6b9f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b4a6b9f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9df4d77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9df4d77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PIWIs:<\/strong> Pioneer\/Vines\/Wines (Pionniers\/Vignes\/Vins)<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-616315149\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-616315149\" data-tab-index=\"9\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 9;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-e5bf6c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5bf6c1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-837107a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"837107a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PDO:<\/strong> appellation d&rsquo;origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151410\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151410\" data-tab-index=\"10\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 10;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-2a7cb9e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a7cb9e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac39cc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac39cc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PGI:<\/strong> indication g\u00e9ographique prot\u00e9g\u00e9e<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151411\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151411\" data-tab-index=\"11\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 11;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-65be144 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"65be144\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0f2cfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0f2cfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>GWAS:<\/strong> g\u00e9n\u00e9tique d\u2019association<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151412\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151412\" data-tab-index=\"12\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 12;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-522c148 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"522c148\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97b3ed5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97b3ed5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Avr:<\/strong> g\u00e8ne d&rsquo;avirulence<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151413\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151413\" data-tab-index=\"13\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 13;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-0639fb7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0639fb7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15e0223 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"15e0223\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>DSS:<\/strong> syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;aide \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151414\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151414\" data-tab-index=\"14\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 14;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-4e89598 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4e89598\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99b8e6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99b8e6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>NGT:<\/strong> nouvelles techniques g\u00e9nomiques<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151415\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151415\" data-tab-index=\"15\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 15;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-8a74157 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8a74157\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6897ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a6897ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>QTLs:<\/strong> loci de caract\u00e8res quantitatifs<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151416\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151416\" data-tab-index=\"16\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 16;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-de85b49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de85b49\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2151a3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2151a3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PPPs:<\/strong> produits de protection des plantes<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151417\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151417\" data-tab-index=\"17\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 17;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-af5bfbc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"af5bfbc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-654d95e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"654d95e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>MAS:<\/strong> s\u00e9lection assist\u00e9e par marqueurs<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-6163151418\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-6163151418\" data-tab-index=\"18\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 18;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-9bcebcc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9bcebcc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44fbd04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44fbd04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>IPM:<\/strong> gestion int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des ravageurs<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7bd6b0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b7bd6b0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e607b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e607b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23bd60c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23bd60c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DRVs Benefits<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a98a32 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3a98a32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbe38b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bbe38b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;utilisation de fongicides, durabilit\u00e9, r\u00e9silience.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-563e824 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"563e824\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41fdb6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"41fdb6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Suivi de la durabilit\u00e9 des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a96288 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4a96288\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb10a82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb10a82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'Observatoire europ\u00e9en OSCAR, premier observatoire europ\u00e9en      des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de vigne r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies (DRV) contre le mildiou et l'o\u00efdium<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abdf50f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abdf50f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&rsquo;Observatoire fran\u00e7ais OSCAR des DRV est devenu un r\u00e9seau europ\u00e9en gr\u00e2ce au projet GrapeBreed4IPM. Il est d\u00e9sormais connu sous le nom d&rsquo;Observatoire OSCAR Europe. Ce projet collaboratif rassemble des partenaires europ\u00e9ens de premier plan qui travaillent au d\u00e9ploiement de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de vigne r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies (DRV).<\/p><p>Cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 2017 avec 34 parcelles en conditions commerciales r\u00e9elles r\u00e9parties dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions viticoles fran\u00e7aises, l&rsquo;Observatoire OSCAR s&rsquo;est consid\u00e9rablement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9. En 2025, l&rsquo;Observatoire europ\u00e9en OSCAR compte plus de 250 parcelles dans six pays (France, Italie, Espagne, Allemagne, Suisse et Autriche), couvrant une grande diversit\u00e9 de vignobles et de conditions de culture \u00e0 travers l&rsquo;Europe.<\/p><p>L&rsquo;Observatoire europ\u00e9en OSCAR est une initiative innovante qui fonctionne comme une exp\u00e9rience de terrain \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle avec plusieurs objectifs cl\u00e9s :<\/p><ul><li>Surveiller les maladies de la vigne afin de mieux comprendre le comportement des DRV au fil du temps et la durabilit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9sistance vari\u00e9tale.<ul><li><p>Dans le vignoble, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 cinq observations des maladies sont effectu\u00e9es tout au long de la saison de culture afin d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9sistance des DRV contre le mildiou et l&rsquo;o\u00efdium, ainsi que d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier plus en d\u00e9tail la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres maladies telles que le Black Rot \/span&gt;.<\/p><\/li><li><p>En laboratoire, des souches de mildiou sont pr\u00e9lev\u00e9es pour effectuer des analyses ph\u00e9notypiques et g\u00e9notypiques suppl\u00e9mentaires afin de d\u00e9tecter d&rsquo;\u00e9ventuelles souches qui pourraient contourner la r\u00e9sistance.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Collecte de connaissances pratiques et agronomiques sur ces nouvelles vari\u00e9t\u00e9s DRV dans des conditions agricoles r\u00e9elles et diverses.<\/li><li>\u00c9valuer comment ces vari\u00e9t\u00e9s DRV peuvent r\u00e9duire l&rsquo;utilisation de pesticides et favoriser une viticulture plus durable<\/li><li>Construction conjointe d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me viticole europ\u00e9en r\u00e9silient pour l&rsquo;avenir.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58187f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"58187f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OSCAR-observation-carried-out-at-Bordeaux-INRAE-center.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8678\" alt=\"OSCAR observation carried out at Bordeaux INRAE center\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OSCAR-observation-carried-out-at-Bordeaux-INRAE-center.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OSCAR-observation-carried-out-at-Bordeaux-INRAE-center-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OSCAR-observation-carried-out-at-Bordeaux-INRAE-center-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1eab230 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1eab230\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Observation OSCAR r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au centre INRAE de Bordeaux (Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) au sein de l'unit\u00e9 de recherche commune 1065 SAVE (Sant\u00e9 des vignobles et agro\u00e9cologie).<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbb1899 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fbb1899\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cr\u00e9dits photo : A.Marquot\/J.Ducourneau<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6c38d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a6c38d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Observatoire fran\u00e7ais OSCAR DRV: <a href=\"https:\/\/observatoire-cepages-resistants.fr\/observatoire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/observatoire-cepages-resistants.fr\/observatoire\/<\/a><\/p><p><strong>R\u00e9sum\u00e9 de la pratique :<\/strong> \u00ab Les avantages de la cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;un observatoire des c\u00e9pages r\u00e9sistants aux maladies (DRV) \u00bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0 propos Vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies Informations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales et techniques sur les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes Les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies (DRVs, de l\u2019anglais Disease-Resistant Varieties), \u00e9galement connues sous le nom de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s PIWI en Europe, sont des cultivars de vigne s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s pour leur forte r\u00e9sistance aux maladies fongiques telles que l&rsquo;o\u00efdium, le mildiou et le black-rot. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":8216,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8641","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8641"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10098,"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8641\/revisions\/10098"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grapebreed4ipm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}